Specification

Option 1

England
(1520-1570)

• Religious Belief and Practice on the Eve of the Reformation
• Henry VIII and the Divorce
• The English Reformation
• Political Developments (1547-1570)
• Edwardian Religious Reforms
• The Restoration of Roman Catholicism (1553-1558)
• The Elizabethan Church Settlement
• The Economic and Social Problems of the Period

Option 2

England
(1603-1649)

• England in 1603
• Public Finances (1603-1642)
• Foreign Policy (1603-1642)
• The Court (1603-1642)
• Religious Beliefs and Practice (1603-1642)
• The Civil War (1642-1646)
• The Search for a Settlement with King Charles I (1646-1649)
• The Trial and Execution of the King (1649)
• The Economy (1603-1649)

Option 3

England
(1815-1868)

• Post-War Problems (1815-1822)
• Economic and Social Reforms (1815-1827)
• Divisions in the Tory Party (1827-1830)
• Parliamentary Reform (1832)
• Whig Governments (1830-1841)
• The Anti-Corn Law League
• Chartism
• Career of Peel (1815-1846)
• Politics in England Post-Repeal of the Corn Laws

Option 4

Unification of Italy and Germany
(1815-1891)

• Italian Unification (1815-1848)
• Italian Unification (1849-1871)
• German Unification (1815-1848)
• German Unification (1849-1871)

Option 5

Germany
(1918-1945)

• The Weimar Republic and the Rise of the Nazi Party (1918-1933)
• Nazi Germany (1933-1945)

Option 1

Spain and Europe
(1556-1592)

• Philip II’s Inheritance
• The Kingship of Philip II and Administration of Spain
• Financial and Economic problems
• Internal Political Problems
• Cultural Developments
• Foreign Policy

Option 2

The Ascendancy of France in Europe
(1660-1714)

• Background before 1689
• The Origins of the Nine Years’ War
• The Nine Years’ War (1688-1697)
• The Problem of the Spanish Succession (1697-1702)
• The War of the Spanish Succession (1702-1713)
• The Peace Treaties (1713-1714)

Option 3

Challenge and Crisis in Ireland
(1821-1867)

• Catholic Emancipation (1821-1829)
• Career of Daniel O’Connell (1829-1849): Repeal Movement
• The Irish Famine (1824-1849)
• The Fenian Rising of 1867

Option 4

France
(1815-1871)

• The Bourbon Monarchy (1815-1830)
• The Monarchy of Louis Philippe (1830-1848)
• The Second Republic (1848-1852)
• The Second Empire (1852-1871)

Option 5

Russia
(1903-1941)

• Causes and Consequences of 1905 Revolution
• Lenin and Revolution (1917-1924)
• Stalin and Revolution (1924-1941)

Option 6

Italy
(1914-1943)

• Italy and the First World War
• The Rise to Power of Mussolini and his Domestic Policies
• (1919-1943)
• Mussolini’s Foreign Policies (1922-1943)

Option 1

• Anglo-Spanish Relations in the Reigns of Henry VIII and Edward VI (1509-1553)
• Anglo-Spanish Relations in the Reign of Mary (1553-1558)
• Anglo-Spanish Relations in the Reign of Elizabeth I (1558-1603)
• Anglo-Spanish Relations in the Early Years of the Reign of James I (1603-1609)

Option 2

Crown and Parliament in England
(1603-1702)

• Relations between Crown and Parliament in the Reign of James I (1603-1625)
• Relations between Crown and Parliament (1625-1640)
• Relations between Crown and Parliament (1640-1642)
• Relations between Crown and Parliament (1640-1649)
• Relations between Crown and Parliament in the reign of Charles II (1660-1685)
• Relations between Crown and Parliament in the Reign of James II (1685-1688)
• Relations between William and Parliament (1689 -1702)

Option 3

Liberalism and Nationalism in Europe
(1815-1914)

• Liberalism and Nationalism: Early Ideas and Progress (1815-1830)
• Liberalism and Nationalism: Progress and Development (1831-1848)
• Achievements and Gains of Liberalism and Nationalism (1849-1871)
• The Changing Characteristics of Nationalism and the Road to WWI

Option 4

Unionism and Nationalism in Ireland
(1800-1900)

• Nationalism: Cultural Perspective
• Economic Perspective
• Constitutional Perspective
• Unionism (1800-1900)

Option 5

Clash of Ideologies
(1900-2000)

• The Foreign Policy of Tsarist Russia
• The Advance of Communism outside the USSR and the Opponents of Communism

Option 1

England
(1570-1603)

• Political Developments (1570-1603)
• Elizabethan Foreign Policy
• Religious Developments
• Economic Developments
• Social Developments
• Cultural Achievements

Option 2

Ireland
(1607-1691)

• The Plantation of Ulster
• Clash of New English and Old England
• English Cultures (1613-1641)
• Cromwell in Ireland (1649-1650)
• Williamite Wars in Ireland (1685-1691)

Option 3

Ireland
(1775-1800)

• The Rise and Fall of the Volunteers (1775-c1789)
• The Economic Successes (1782-1789)
• The Rise and Fall of the United Irishmen (1789-1798)
• Economic Developments
• The Act of Union

Option 4

Partition of Ireland
(1900-1925)

• Home-Rule Crisis (1900-1914)
• Political Events (1914-1918)
• Events in Ireland (1919-1925)